Causal pathways between impulsiveness, cocaine use consequences, and depression

Causal pathways between impulsiveness, cocaine use consequences, and depression.

AIMS The present study examined whether lifetime cocaine use consequences mediate the relationship between trait impulsiveness and current depression symptoms among regular cocaine users. METHODS Regular cocaine users (N=108) were assessed using: Barratt Impulsiveness Scale subscales (non-planning, attentional, motor sub-scales) to measure trait impulsiveness; a standardized Drug History and ...

Concurrent use and order of use of cocaine and alcohol: behavioural differences between users of crack cocaine and cocaine powder.

AIMS The study investigates patterns of cocaine use and alcohol use when these substances were taken on their own, the order of administration of alcohol and of cocaine when the two substances were taken together, and changes in the doses of alcohol and of cocaine when the two substances were taken together. The study further investigates differences in the combined use of the two substances by...

the relationship between l2 learning strategy use and motivation among iranian efl learners

راهکاهای یادگیری که تحت عنوان "اعمال و رفتارهایی که توسط زبان آموزان بکار برده می شود جهت یادگیری موفق تر، هدفمندتر و جذاب تر زبان" (آکسفورد، 1989) تعریف شده است، نقش قابل توجهی در یادگیری زبان خارجی ایفا می کند. در مطالعات اخیر تأثیر عوامل مختلفی مانند سن، جنسیت، سطح بسندگی، فرهنگ، انگیزه، نوع نگرش، ویژگی های شخصیتی و... در استفاده و انتخاب راهکارهای یادگیری زبان بررسی شده است. در میان عوامل ب...

Causal mechanisms and multidirectional pathways between trauma, dissociation, and health.

Causal pathways and prevention.

It is 110 years since Sir William Osler published his little book on the cerebral palsies of childhood1. Less than 10 years later Freud published his observations2. And if we are looking for landmarks, perhaps the next is Crothers and Paine’s book, published 40 years ago3. Ingram’s ‘Paediatric Aspects of Cerebral Palsy’ follows this, published in 19744. But Little’s paper predates all of these5...